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Zonal Vegetation of the Humid Nemoral (Cool–Temperate) Zone

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Global Vegetation

Abstract

The cool-temperate (nemoral) zone is currently the most densely populated zone on Earth; its vegetation has therefore been altered considerably over the past centuries. Particularly in Europe and East Asia, anthropogenic land use (forest plantations, agricultural and settlement areas, including many neobiota) has replaced the summergreen broad-leaved forest, which mostly constitutes the natural zonal vegetation. Furthermore, under extremely oceanic conditions, there are evergreen laurel and Nothofagus forests on the western side of the Andes and the Southern Alps of New Zealand, and tall nemoral coniferous forests on the Pacific side of North America. A distinctive feature of the summergreen broad-leaved forests is the seasonal rhythm of the vegetation of the tree and field layers, from leaf development in spring to leaf shedding in fall, with abundant geophytes in spring.

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Pfadenhauer, J.S., Klötzli, F.A. (2020). Zonal Vegetation of the Humid Nemoral (Cool–Temperate) Zone. In: Global Vegetation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49860-3_11

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