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Pinus massoniana Lamb.
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English Name |
Chinese Red Pine, Horsetail Pine |
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Latin name |
Pinus massoniana Lamb. |
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Family & Genus |
Pinaceae, Pinus |
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Description |
Evergreen tree, up to 45m high, thickness1.5m. Bark reddish brown, inferior part greyish brown, irregularly long block cleft. Branchlets often whorled, reddish brown, with persistent scalelike pulvinus, often tilted upward, coarser; winter buds ovate-cylindrical, brown, apex pointed, bud scale margin filamentous, reddish brown, apex pointed or with long pointed tip. Leaf needle-shaped, 2 needles in a bunch, loosely 3 needles in one bunch, length 13-20cm, long slender and flexible, leaf margin serrulate, resin canal about 4-8, created at the edge of doral surface, or two also created at the edge of ventral surface; Leaf sheath membranous, grey and white, persistent. The male cone elliptic to ovate, extended to be catkin-shaped after blossoming, yellow, stamens with 2 pollen sacs; Female cone solitary or 2-4 aggregated at the apex of new branches, light purplish red. Cones ovoid or ovate conical, length 4-7cm, diameter 2.5-4cm, with short stem, pendulous, chestnut brown when matured; Middle seminiferous scale nearly oblong-obovate, ca. 3cm long; fruit scales woody, scale peltate rhombus, scale process relatively flat, slightly ridged, umbo small and short, slightly concave or convex. Seed long ovate, 4-6mm long, fructus forsythiae 2-2.7cm long. Flowering: April to May, fruit ripening period: October to December of the following year. |
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Distribution |
Growing in mountains at altitude less than 1,500m. Can be cultivated. Distributed in Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and etc. The medicinal materials are mainly produced in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and etc. |
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Part Used |
Medical part: pollen, knob and oleoresin. Chinese name: Songhuafen (pollen); Songjie (knob); Songxiang (oleoresin). |
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Harvest & Processing |
Pollen: picked spica in spring when just flowering, sundried, collected pollen, and removed impurities. Knob: harvested throughout the year, sawed and sundried. Oleoresin: mostly harvested in summer, scraped V shape or spirally groove on the bark to ooze out the oleoresin, collected the oleoresin, distilled, cooled and solidified the residual, then prepared into Songxiang. |
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Chemistry |
Contains fatty oil and pigment. |
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Pharmacology |
Pollen: contains selenium that has inhibitory effect on tumor cells. Knob: anti-bacterial, litholytic. |
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Properties & Actions |
Pollen: sweet, warm. Protuberance: bitter, warm.Pollen: eliminating dampness, astringency and relieving hemorrhage. Knob: dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, diffusing impediment for suppressing pains. |
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Indications & Usage |
Pollen: used for dizziness and vertigo, gastric pain due to middle deficiency, lingering dysentery, sores and ulcers, hemorrhage caused by trauma. Tubercule node: used for rheumatic arthralgia, contraction of bones and muscles, beriberi and paralysis, arthroncus of knee, injuries from falls and blood stasis.Pollen: oral administration: decocting, 3-6g; made as medicinal liquor or and taken after mixed with fluid. External application: dry products mixed or applied after mixed with fluid. Eat frequently for upper jiao fever. Knob: oral administration: decocting, 9-15g; or made as medicinal liquor. External application: made as medicinal liquor for external spread. Use with caution in cases of dry blood due to yin-deficiency. |
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Examples |
Pollen:
Gastric and duodenal ulcer, chronic constipation: pine pollen 3g, swallow with water.
Tuberculate nodes:
Toothache: white scholartree bark, lycium bark 30g each, pine nodular branch 30g (file). For the above drugs, pestle and sieve into powder, take 15g each time, Put into a medium cup of decoction, decoct 5 times and boil 7 times, and then remove residue. Hold the medicine inside the mouth while it is hot, and then spit when it is cold.
Oleoresia:
Furuncle, superficial infection: rosin powder 60g, Alcohol 201 ml, heat to dissolve, and seal the bottle for later use. Dip with dry cotton ball and smear to the affected lesions 1-2 times a day. |
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Permanent URL：https://sys01.lib.hkbu.edu.hk/cmed/mpid/detail.php?herb_id=D00025 |
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