zyxwvutsrq zyxwvut zyxwvutsr zyxwvu zyxwvuts zyxw Cladonia (sect. Cocciferae) norvegica, a new lichen species 1'. Tensberg and H. Holien Tonsbcrg. 'T.& Holien, H. 1984. C'latloriia (sect. c'occifrrac,) norvcgic~a,a new lichen species. - Nord. J . €301. 4: 79-82. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107-SSX. C'lotlo/iiu (sect. Coc,cifiwre, subsect. Odzroleucuc) tiorvegic-a T0nsb. & Holien sp. nov.. IS closcly rclatcd t o C'. hucilliforrnis (Nyl.) DT. & Sarnth. but is morphologically, chemically, and ecologically distinct. Superficially it may rescmble C. (sect. c'larlonio) w / i i o c r u w auct.. which is often growing with i t . c'. riorwgica is known from Norway only. Introduction A few years ago it turned out that in the coastal areas of Central Norway there is a widespread but still undescribed member of the relatively well-known lichen genus Clutl~triu.This overlooked species is described below as C'. norvrgica. The carliest known collection of it was made by 0. A. H0cg in Trondheini (S0rTrandelag county) in 1927 (TRH) and determined as C. n r r m x ~ w u(Ach.) Arnold (= C. rei Schaerer) by H. Sandstede. The species was apparently not collected again until about SO years later when it was found in Agdenes (Sar-Trandelag county). Since then about 90 collections have been made, mainly by the present authors. zyxwvutsrq Cladonia norvegica Tensb. & Holien sp. nov. Squamulae basales isodiametricae vel elongatae, diainetro 2 - 4 mm, ascendentes, crenulatae et profunde divisae, esorediatae aut sorediis virescentibus infra ad apices loborum. Podetia numerosa, erecta, 1.5-3 (4) cm aka, 0.5-2 (3) m m lata, virescentes vel cinerea, contracts ad cylindrica, illa fertilea ad apicem expansa, simplicia vel raro ramosa, toto sorediis farinosis obtecta. Apothecia in apicibus podetiorum, singulares vel pauca, ochroleuca vel pallido-fusca. Pycnidia in apicibus podetiorum, fusca. Acidum barbaticum et acidum 4 - 0 demethylbarbaticum continem- Fig. 1-3. 0 zyxwv zy F , ~ ,1, Claclotlja non,eg;ca holotype (TRH). Scale = 1 cm. & ~ ~ l part i of ~ the ~ , NORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY NOR11 J HWI. 4 . 7Y-82. LICIIENOL 0 1 79 few podetia out of the several thousand so far collected), unbranched or, more rarely, irregularly branched, usually without squamules, sorediate to the base, soredia farinose, fertile podetia sometimes partly corticated immediately below the ascocarps. Apothecia not common, solitary or a few together in the podetial tips, pale brown, sometimes waxy and whitish brown, 1-2 ( 6 ) mm diam. Pycnidia brown, one to few in the podetial tips, sometimes raised on short, curved, esorediate stalks. Chemistry: barbaric and 4-0-demethylbarbatic acids. PD-, K-, UV+ bluish white. zyxwvut Fig. 2. Cladonia norvegica. Unusually branched specimens (Tonsberg 6265, TRH). Scale = 1 cm. Basal squamules persistent, but sometimes partly dissolved into soredia, greenish above, whitish below, isodiametric or somewhat elongated, 2-4 mm diam, frequently ascending and with involute tips, crenulate and deeply divided, sometimes appearing subcoralloid, esorediate or with greenish soredia on the under side towards the lobe tips. Podetia numerous, erect, 1.5-3 (4) cm high, 0.5-2 (3) mm wide, greenish, or whitish grey where the soredia have been shed, tapering or more or less evenly cylindrical, when fertile often expanding in distal parts, rarely with scyphi (seen only in a Fig. 3. Cladotiia tiorivegica (upper half) and C. coniocrueu (lower half). Tensberg 6478 (TRH) Note the different shape of the basal squamules. Scale = 1 cm. 80 zyxwvu zyxw zyxwvu Type: Norway, Ser-Trendelag, Melhus, between Mt. Loisen and brook Loa, 300-400 m N E of lake Benna, UTM grid ref. 32V NR 6308 (I621 I11), alt. 185-200 m, on a dccayingstump of Picea abies in a P. abies forest, 5 Jun 1982, 1’.Tensberg 6870 (TRH, holotype; Vkzda: Lich. sel. exsicc. no. 197X, isotypes). zyxw zyxw Nearly all the collections o f Cladonia norvegica are from decaying bark or wood of Picea abies. Four specimens grew on wood of Pinus sylveslris and one specimen on decaying bark of Betula. It has been collected between sea level and ca. 530 m altitude. I t often grows intermixed with C. coniocraea auct. non Florke, its most common associate (Fig. 3), but it is also frequently associated with C. cenotea (Ach.) Schaerer. So far C. tiorvegica is only known from Norway where it appears to have been collected most frequently in the humid Picea abies forests of the central parts of the country (Fig. 4). With its pale, brownish apothecia C. norvegica be- zyx Nord. J B N 4 ( I ) Other sorediate species of subsect. Ochroleucae are the widely distributed C. carneola (Fr.) Fr. and C. cyanipes (Sommerf.) Nyl. as well as the Japanese endemic C. koyaensis Asah. C. carneola always has wide scyphi and contains usnic acid, frequently also zeorin. In C. cyanipes the podetia are 2-8 cm high, often branched, and usually with a bluish tinge at the base; it contains usnic and barbatic acids, with zeorin as an accessory substance. According to Asahina ( I 953) C. koyaensis has basal squamules with marginal soralia and with pycnidia on the upper side, and the podetia are 3-5 mm high and have a disintegrating cortex; it produces usnic and barbatic acids. The species is restricted to a small area in Honshu, Japan (Yoshimura 1968). I n the field C. norvegica may have been mistaken for C. (sect. Cladonia) coniocraea auct. non Florke with which it often grows. Morphologically C. norvegica is distinguished from C. coniocraea by having more finely divided basal squamules (Fig. 3) and podetia with pale brown apothecia. Furthermore C. coniocraea contains fumarprotocetraric acid and related substances and reacts PD+, UV-. zyxw Selected specimens zyxwvutsrqpon zyxwvutsrqpo zyxw zyxw Unless otherwise stated the specimens grew on decaying bark or wood of Picea abies. Specimens cited without a reference to a herbarium are deposited in TRH. Fig. 4. Clarloriia norvegicci. Known distribution. longs in sect. Cocciferae (Delise) E. Dahl, subsect. Ochroleucae (Fr.) Matt. C. norvegica and the Japanese endemic C. inobeana Asah. (cf. Asahina 1963) appear to be the only usnic acid deficient species of subsect. Ochroleucae. Thus C. norvegica is easily separated chemically from all known European members of the subsection by the lack of usnic acid. C. norvrgicu seems t o be most closely related to C. hacilliforrnis (Nyl.) DT. s( Sarnth. However, it is distinguished morphologically from C. bacilliforrnis by having higher, thinner, and more evenly sorediate podetia and chemically by lacking usnic acid. Furthermore, C. bacillifbrnlis favours well-lit, rather dry and open habitats, where it primarily grows on wood of Pinits. I n one collection (Tonsberg 6278, T R H ) . in which C. norvegica and C. bacillifortnis occur together on the same small piece of wood (Picea), the difference between them is evident. The podetia o f C. bacilliformis are yellowish (usnic acid present), stout, less than 5 mm high, widest in the upper half, and thickly and unevenly sorediate, while those of C. norvegica arqgreenish (usnic acid absent), about 1 cm high, regularly tapering from the base, and partly evenly sorediate, partly. where the soredia have been shed, with an exposed medulla. Norivaj: Telernark: Tokke, 400 m WNW of lake Bjerntjern. MM 4401 ( I 5 14 III), Cd. 520 ni, E. Timdal 3.524 ( 0 ) ;- Buskerud, Hole. between MonsebrltAn and lake Treharningen, NM 7957 (1815 I I ) , 380-400 rn, Tensberg 6476a (O), 6478, 64XSa (0). - Sar-Trandelag: Agdenes, E of river Ingdalselva, NR 4 5 3 4 4 5 3 5 (1521 I ) . ca. 100 rn. Tensberg 2835b; Melhus, between Mt. LoAsen and brook Loa, 3 4 0 0 rn NE of lake Benna, NR 6308 (1621 111). 185-200 rn, Tansberg 6870 (type collection); Klzbu. along river Doneya S of lake Selbusjeen, NR 7915-8015 (1621 IV), 12 Oct 1978, R. Reve s.n.; Trondheirn, Byrnarka, Haukvang, substrate unknown. 23 J u n 1927, 0. A . Heeg s.n.- Nord-Trandelag: Stjerdal, S of river Nevra ca. I krn E of Neverholet, NR 9326 (1621 I), 250-280 rn, Tensberg 6165 (E, BG, TROM, TRH, herb. Degelius): Snisa, SW bank of lake Heirnsjeen. UM 5825 (1723 I I ) , 135-140 m, Tensberg 617 1; Narndalseid, Austerelva, NW 'l'rebostad, PS 1226 (1723 H I ) , 80-100 rn, Holien 939-81 ( 0 , TRH), 940-8 I , 94 1-81 ; Flatanger. asterelva, Lislsteelva-Jessund, NS YO40 (1623 I), 60-80 rn, Holien 828-81 (BM): Grong, Svartdalen, UM 7348-7448 (1823 IV), 150-200 rn, Tansberg 6265 (H, 0, UPS, TRH); Namsskogan. Smallsen, E of lake Srnalvatn, VN 21 18-2218 (1925 111). 350-360 rn, Tensberg 6278 ( 0 ,'I'RH); Narnsskogan, Srnalisen. E of S part of lake Srnalvatn, VN 21 18 (1925 III), 300 rn, Tansberg 6283a (0), 6283b (BG), 6283c ( H , L, 0 ) ;Namsskogan, Bargefjell National Park, Narnskroken, N of river Namsen, V N 2619 (1925 111). Tensberg 7445. - Nordland: Bindal, between river Leiraen and Mt. Kalvikfjellet, UN 8424 (1825 Ill), 2 0 4 0 rn, Tansberg 6839 (TROM): Rana, along the brook at Fallhei, N E of Mo i Rana, VP 6858 (2027 IV), ca. 60 rn, Tnnsberg 764 I (TROM). 7648a: Rana, Dunderlandsdalen. Nevernes, VP 8162 (2027 IV), 60-80 rn, Tensberg 7651 (0):Harnaray, Innhavet, NE of lake Litlvatn, WR 4039 ( 2 130 I). 40-50 rn, on decaying wood of Pinus svlwsrris, Tnnsberg 7648. zyxwvuts zyxwvutsr 6 Nord J Bot 1 ( I ) 19x4 zyx 81 zyxwvutsrqpon zyxwvut zyx z zyxwvutsrq zyxwvuts Acknowledgements -We wish to thank Mr H. 0sthaeen. Oslo. for valuable discussions, Dr H. Krog, Oslo, for coiments o n the manuscript, Dr T. D. V. Swinscow, Exeter, for providing the Latin diagnosis, and Mr J. Nordnes and Mr E. Timdal, both Oslo, for placing- their collections of Cladonia norvepica at our disposal. - 82 References Asahin% y. 1953. LichenologiSche NotiZen (§95-§98). - J. Jap. Bat. 28: 1h1-164. - 1963. - - . Lichenologische Notizen($186-187). - J. JaP. Bat. 3x: 1-3. Yoshimura. I. 1968. The phytogeographical relationships between the Japanese and North American species of Cladonia. - J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 31: 227-246. Nord J Bot. 1 ( I )