Canada Plants

Pinus albicaulis (Whitebark Pine)

This is an uncommon 5 needle pine with attractive smooth bark. Whitebark Pine attracts many different wildlife species and if grown in lower elevations it can attain commercial dimensions.

Pinus aristata (Bristelcone Pine)

A unique specimen that should be planted as a focal point in a garden. It grows at an extremely slow rate, hence why it is usually very expensive. One of the oldest living plants around. The older...

Pinus ayacahuite (Mexican White Pine)

The Mexican white pine is a giant conifer of the rainy mountains and valleys of Mexico and a few central American countries. The species name has Aztec origins relating to its habitat and...

Pinus balfouriana subsp. balfouriana (Foxtail Pine)

Pinus balfouriana has two subspecies: Pinus balfouriana subsp. aristate, which is native to the south mountains; and Pinus balfouriana subsp. balfouriana, which is native to the north mountains. This...

Pinus banksiana (Jack Pine)

This tree is extremely hardy and cold tolerant. It is a plant of no ornamental value that I can see, however it is picturesque it its native environment; the accompanying photographs taken in the...

Pinus banksiana 'Manomet' (Manomet Jack Pine)

Pinus banksiana 'Uncle Fogy' (Uncle Fogy Jack Pine)

This cultivar offers a different and unique look, depending on how you choose to grow it. When grafted it offers an upright, pendulous aspect and without grafting the appearance changes to look like...

Pinus bhutanica (Bhutan Pine, Bhutan White Pine)

Pinus brutia

Pinus brutia is an interesting tree for use in dry conditions without freezing temperatures. This tree grows into an interesting spreading form if planted as a specimen where it can broaden and allow...

Pinus bungeana (Lacebark Pine)

A beautiful specimen tree with exfoliating bark as its key feature. The mosaic of green, white and brown bark can be showcased by removing the lower branches. Has been used for bonsai and would be...

Pinus bungeana 'Diamant' (Diamond Lacebark Pine)

Pinus canariensis (Canary Island Pine)

Canary Island pine is an attractive tree when grown in proper conditions. They are heavily adapted to their place of origin and are an important part of their ecosystem. It has an important role in...

Pinus cembra (Swiss Stone Pine)

One of the nicest Pinus species we are able to grow in North America, a tough and hardy specimen. In Switzerland they are planted near houses and in gardens as symbols of good fortune.

Pinus cembra 'Algonquin Pillar' (Algonquin Pillar Swiss Stone Pine)

This plant would be a great addition a landscape as it is extremely cold resistant and is the perfect specimen plant to have because of its variegated and its very prominent pyramidal shape.

Pinus cembroides

The Mexican Pinyon, due to its ability to grow in poor conditions makes it very versatile. It can be used for a multitude of ethnobotanical and land management purposes which also makes it very...

Pinus clausa var. ocala (Sand Pine)

A pine tree with short needles and small cones and a scrubby growth form only found in sandy Florida habitats.

Pinus contorta var. latifolia (Lodgepole Pine)

Lodgepole pine is one of the most widely distributed tree species in western North America, so it's no surprise that it is quite adaptable and has highly variable characteristics throughout its...

Pinus contorta (Lodgepole Pine, Shore Pine, Black Pine)

Pinus contorta var. contorta 'Spaan's Dwarf' (Spaan's Dwarf Shore Pine)

'Spaan’s Dwarf' is a very uniquely shaped pine with multi-levelled branching adding visual interest to the landscape.

Pinus coulteri (Coulter Pine, Big-cone Pine)

Nicknamed the Widow Maker, this tree is quite a rare plant and is only found growing in southern California and north-western Mexico. Possessing the heaviest pine cones in the world, weighing up to 2...

Pinus densiflora (Japanese Red Pine)

Virtually all aspects of its appearance are attractive. It develops a multi-trunked appearance at an early age. The reddish medium bark texture stands out beautifully in the winter landscape. The...

Pinus densiflora 'Aurea' (Golden Japanese Pine)

Pinus densiflora 'Golden Ghost' (Golden Ghost Japanese Red Pine)

Pinus densiflora 'Golden Ghost' is an extremely showy, dwarf conifer with green and yellow needles.

Pinus densiflora 'Oculus Draconis' (Dragons-eye Japanese Red Pine)

One of the more unusual pines, when branches are viewed from the terminal it appears as if an eye is looking back at you; this is due to the yellow banding.

Pinus densiflora 'Pendula' (Weeping Japanese Red Pine)

A nice accent plant creating great interest in a garden. It works well sweeping over garden retaining walls and planters. This plant must be trained to grow upright or it will become a ground cover.

Pinus densiflora 'Umbraculifera' (Tanyosho Pine, Japanese Red Pine)

Tanyosho Pine is a multi-stemmed evergreen that has a very dense form. Develops exfoliating bark with age, revealing reddish-orange tones on its underside. These features make this tree a perfect...

Pinus echinata (Shortleaf Pine)

This tree is a valuable plant for timber and is also used in erosion control. Needles are bluish-green colour.

Pinus edulis (Rocky Mountain Pinyon, Two Needle Pinyon, Nut Pine, Pinyon Pine,)

Pinus edulis is a beautiful slow growing pine tree. A rather hardy drought resident plant that would make a perfect plant for a collector. Pinus edulis can live extremely long, easily up to 500...

Pinus elliotti (Slash Pine)

Native to the United States Pinus elliotti has been produced in other countries for commercial cultivation due to its highly desirable characteristics as high-quality wood and resin for raw materials...

Pinus elliottii

This plant, native to the United States, has been produced in other countries for commercial cultivation due to its highly desirable characteristics as high quality wood and resin for raw materials...

Pinus engelmannii (Apache Pine)

Pinus flexilis (Limber Pine)

An excellent landscape pine; it is a plant that maintains a dense form of strong good looking foliage.

Pinus flexilis 'Vanderwolf's Pyramid' (Vanderwolf's Pyramid Limber Pine)

Vanderwolf’s Pyramid has a refined pyramidal form with a dense cluster of needles at the end of the branchlets. The interesting outline and branching habits stand out more when planted alone. It is...

Pinus halepensis (Aleppo Pine)

Medium- to large-sized evergreen tree with reddish brown thick plated bark. Pyramidal shape when immature but once mature, spread becomes irregular with massive lateral branches. If under stress...

Pinus hartwegii (Hartweg's Pine)

Noteworthy due to its ability to survive in harsh climates with lack of nutrients.

Pinus heldreichii (Bosnian Pine)

This is an excellent narrow-leaf evergreen tree used in many situations. All season interest and low maintenance requirements are beneficial for use in suburban homes, parks or narrow spots. It is an...

Pinus heldreichii var. leucodermis (Bosnian Pine, Leucodermis Bosnian Pine, Heldreich Pine)

A pine that is tolerant to salt and Diplodia tip blight, Pinus heldreichii var. leucodermis makes a good replacement for Pinus nigra, or any other pine that is plagued with problems and diseases....

Pinus heldreichii var. leucodermis 'Nana' (Dwarf Bosnian Pine)

This is an excellent dwarf conifer that can tolerate dry conditions. It is suited to use in rock gardens and could be used as a specimen plant. This dwarf will add texture to any garden.

Pinus heldreichii 'Satellit' (Satellit Bosnian Pine)

Narrow conical evergreen tree.

Pinus jeffreyi (Jeffery Pine)

A nice specimen pine with long blue/green needles which are longer than the needles of the similar P. ponderosa. The cones are large enough to add an excellent point of interest and can be eaten. ...

Pinus kesiya (Khasi Pine, Benguet Pine)

Pinus Kesiya (Khasi Pine) is a sub tropical to mildly temperate tree and grows in the mountains of China, India, Vietnam, Malaysia, Myanmar and the Philippines. It prefers to grow in moist soils but...

Pinus koraiensis (Korean Pine)

A very beautiful, yet underused pine. Very valuable in an oriental garden. Acsending branches resemble East Asian architecture and the seed cones remind me of a shurikan. Also valuable to attract...

Pinus koraiensis 'Nana' (Dwarf Korean Pine)

Pinus kwangtungensis

A beautiful and quite unique looking tree both in the wild and on a residential or business landscape. The branch growth remind me of clouds and create a very dreamy atmosphere.

Pinus lambertiana (Sugar Pine)

A tall specimen tree commonly used throughout landscapes. Can be used as a shade or privacy screen, best suited for cool coniferous woods with well drained soils , vigorous in certain areas.

Pinus longaeva (Great Basin Bristlecone Pine, Western Bristlecone Pine, Intermountain Bristlecone Pine)

This interesting specimen is known to live over 5,000 years. Its harsh environment causes the plants growth to be very slow thus resulting in the longevity of each specimen.

Pinus lumholtzii

The tree form is tall and pendulous, with outstanding soft needles weeping down. The P. lumholtz pine is known to have the smallest pine cone in Mexico. Vibrant green with a yellow tint where the...

Pinus lutea

Pinus merkusii

Pines are pines, and an individual must determine if that is the look they enjoy for their yard, garden or landscape. They are not particularly pretty or aesthetically pleasing, however a yard that...

Pinus monophylla (Single-Leaf Pinyon)

Pinus monophylla or Single-Leaf Pinyon is a slow growing, rounded to flat topped tree with a short trunk, dark brown branches and grey-green to greenish-blue needles. Mature trees are typically short...

Pinus montezumae (Montezuma Pine )

Pinus montezumae is an interesting specimen tree because it has some of the longest needles of all the pines; these blue/green needles hang gracefully from the tips of the branches giving the...

Pinus monticola (Western White Pine )

Western White Pines are a very tall, long-lived, narrow coniferous evergreen trees. This native of Western North America can live up to four hundred years. It has platy dark grey bark and 5 needles...

Pinus mugo var. mugo (Dwarf Mugo Pine)

A rather mundane, utilitarian plant with many exceptional cultivars being more garden worthy. Suited to highway and roadside plantings because of its salt tolerance and adaptability to tolerate lean...

Pinus mugo (Mugo Pine)

A shrub or small, round or broad pyramidal tree. The dark green, stiff needles are held on the tree for more than four years making this one of the more dense pines suitable for a screen planting.

Pinus mugo var. pumilio (Pumilio Mugo Pine)

With its deep emerald green foliage, maintained throughout the winter and compact dense form, this dwarf shrub is a popular choice in today’s gardens.

Pinus mugo 'Slowmound' (Slowmound Mugo Pine)

This low maintenance evergreen is a great specimen for rock gardens. It has a great emerald colour, and a lovely round form.

Pinus mugo 'Aurea Fastigiata' (Golden Upright Mugo Pine)

Pinus mugo 'Carsten' (Carsten Mugo Pine)

Pinus mugo 'Green Candle' (Green Candle Mountain Pine, Green Candle Mugo Pine)

This cultivated dwarf is a powerhouse evergreen. It has the potential to give a sharp, yet high-class visual in a landscape. This species has an advantage in that it can withstand careless homeowners...

Pinus mugo 'Humpy' (Humpy Mugo Pine)

A slow growing, dwarf mountain pine, Pinus mugo is a conifer that takes up to fifteen years to grow to just 50 to 80 cm in height and 50 to 150 cm in spread. However, it is a very attractive plant...

Pinus mugo 'Jakobsen' (Jakobsen Mugo Pine )

The Jakobsen Mugo Pine was created by Arne Vagn Jakobsen in the late 1980’s. This evergreen is slow growing as well as exceptionally low growing, thus making this shrub perfect for mass plantings....

Pinus mugo 'Mops' (Mops Dwarf Mugo Pine)

A small to large sized evergreen which varies in form and size. . The needles persist for more than 5 years and are dark green in colour, resisting winter burn.

Pinus mugo 'Ophir' (Ophir Mugo Pine)

This is a very slow growing, compact, dwarf evergreen conifer with attractive, golden-yellow, needle foliage and with small cones produced on mature plants.

Pinus mugo 'Sherwood Compact' (Sherwood Compact Mugo Pine)

Pinus mugo subsp. uncinata (Uncinata Mugo Pine)

It is not used in the landscape often due to its large size and wide spread. It can be used to protect against soil erosion and is especially used to help stabilize sandy soils along the coast lines....

Pinus muricata (Bishop Pine)

Pinus muricata has a northern and southern strain that can be found along the coast of California and Mexico. The northern strain has blue foliage while the southern strain has deep green needles....

Pinus nigra (Austrian Pine, Black Pine)

A very common landscape tree favored by landscape architects for its dark green colour, broadly pyramidal form and its adaptability to urban conditions. I consider it an overused plant.

Pinus nigra 'Arnold Sentinel' (Arnold Sentinel Austrian Pine)

Needles closely resemble those of the Red Pine, the difference is in the flexibility of the needle. If its needles fold over themselves, they will not break.

Pinus nigra 'Black Prince' (Black Prince, Austrian Pine)

A small compact, rounded evergreen, excellent for gardens and along walkways with its dark needles and white-silvery buds. It is a good ground cover not growing much larger than a meter and can...

Pinus nigra var. pyramidata subsp. pallasiana (Crimean Pine)

Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (Pallasian Austrian Pine)

Because of its close physical appearance to the straight species (Pinus nigra) and the confusion of it being clearly distinguished, Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana lacks any real interesting...

Pinus palustris (Longleaf Pine, George Pine)

My first thought when I saw the tree was its ability to make you stand back and admire the beauty of it; height, branch and needle length. The tree is very large, what makes it stand out is the...

Pinus parviflora (Japanese White Pine)

Small graceful looking tree that develops a flat topped spreading crown. As with Pinus aristata, Pinus parviflora is a plant for the connoisseur and is rarely found in the more common gardens.

Pinus parviflora 'Aoi' (Aoi Japanese White Pine)

Slow growing, multi-branched shrub. It has bright, silvery and blue-green needles.

Pinus parviflora 'Bergman' (Bergman Japanese White Pine)

One of the more beautiful forms of the species, with long blue-green twisted needles giving it a unique look. This cultivar can take on distinct forms depending on the pine understock used for...

Pinus parviflora 'Daisetsu San' (Daisetsu San Japanese White Pine)

Pinus parviflora 'Glauca' (Silver Japanese White Pine)

Tall and wide with grey to dark grey coloured bark.

Pinus parviflora 'Hagaromo' (Hagaromo Japanese White Pine)

Pinus parviflora 'Kiyomatsu' (Kiyomatsu Japanese White Pine)

Pinus parviflora 'Kiyomatsu' is a dwarf evergreen conifer with needle-like, yellow-green foliage.

Pinus parviflora 'Ogon Janome' (Ogon Janome Japanese White Pine)

Pinus parviflora 'Tempelhof'

This attractive cultivar is a perfect specimen tree for rock gardens and around the border of any landscape. It has beautiful steel blue needles that keep its colour throughout the winter months, and...

Pinus patula (Patula Pine, Mexican Weeping Pine)

Pinus patula is a large evergreen tree with a wide crown. It has very dense foliage with thin weeping needles. The sagging needles are a very distinct feature which makes it a point of focus in the...

Pinus peuce (Balkan Pine)

Due to its unfamiliarity, this evergreen's use in the landscape has occurred as a specimen tree; its use has not been widely explored. A handsome tree overall, but not outstanding. Tolerant to cold...

Pinus pinaster (Maritime Pine)

A large tree, with a red to deep brown bark, it's deep crevices throughout give it a scale to plated look. The foliage comes in pairs of bluish-green, tough needles with a hint of yellow and the...

Pinus pinea (Stone Pine, or Umbrella Pine)

I wish I could grow this tree in Southern Ontario as I love its broad, bold form when grown in the open and alone as pictured here growing along the shoreline of southern Portugal.

Pinus ponderosa (Ponderosa Pine)

A good native North American tree, not suited for small landscapes, excellent for large spaces and erosion control, and is a valuable forest tree, this tree is preferred over Pinus nigra because it...

Pinus pumila (Siberian Dwarf Pine, Japanese Stone Pine)

A beautiful, low-growing pine native to East Asian mountain sides. Its blue-green foliage and colourful cones keep interest year-round, and it has a unique shape for a pine. It is great for use in a...

Pinus pumila 'Draijers Dwarf' (Draijer's Dwarf Pine)

Pinus pumila 'Glauca' (Blue Dwarf Pine)

Pinus radiata (Monterey Pine, Insignis or Radiata Pine)

Vigorous evergreen Conifer.

Pinus resinosa (Red Pine)

The common name Red Pine is derived from the reddish colour between the fissures of the bark. It is a native tree that can adapt fairly well to different conditions but is not salt tolerant. It does...

Pinus rigida (Pitch Pine, Northern Pitch Pine, Sap Pine)

Pinus rigida is a medium-sized true pine. It is very resinous which gives it a very distinct smell. First Nation’s people used this tree for torches, canoes, carving and medicine for many physical...

Pinus rigida ' Sherman Eddy' (Sherman Eddy Pitch Pine)

In my opinion this is a very nice specimen, it is a plant that does well in poor soil conditions. It has beautiful and unique pom-pom like foliage. It is salt and sun tolerant so it can be placed in...

Pinus serotina

A relatively unpopular Pine tree which is uniquely tolerant of wet soils and forest fires. It is valued for its usefulness in naturalized settings but shunned for its looks. It should be called the...

Pinus strobiformis (Coronado Southwestern White Pine)

Pinus strobus (White Pine)

Pinus strobus is the provincial tree of Ontario. Tom Thompson of the Group of Seven often painted this majestic tree and made it famous for its wind blown appearance.

Pinus strobus 'Blue Shag' (Blue Shag White Pine)

Pinus strobus 'Contorta' (Contorted Eastern White Pine, Twisted Eastern White Pine)

P. strobus ‘Contorta’ is a large, upright, loosely pyramidal structured Pine with distinctive, slightly twisted branches, trunk and needles. This cultivar usually will grow approximately 4 m in...

Pinus strobus 'Fastigiata' (Pyramidal White Pine)

A pyramidal form of our provincial tree. Loose in form and not very dense but where White Pine is desired but room does not permit our grand native tree this might be an acceptable substitute.

Pinus strobus 'Horsford Dwarf' (Horsford Dwarf White Pine)

Pinus strobus 'Horsford Dwarf' is a dwarf evergreen shrub with short green needles that retain a slight yellow tinge. Its needles are in fasciles of 5 and are soft to the touch. It is a...

Pinus strobus 'Horsham Contorta' (Horsham Contorted White Pine)

Pinus strobus 'Kate Brook' (Kate Brock Eastern White Pine)

Pinus strobus 'Louie' (Louie White Pine)

Considered to be one of the best gold coloured conifers it is quite striking in the winter garden.

Pinus strobus 'Nana' (Dwarf White Pine)

A soft textured, loose mounds form suited to the front of a landscape border.

Pinus strobus 'National Life' (National Life White Pine)

A beautiful accent or specimen plant with variegated bright yellow foliage. Planting in too much shade will cause it to revert back to the dark green of the straight species Pinus strobus.

Pinus strobus 'Niagara Falls' (Niagara Falls Eastern White Pine)

Pinus strobus 'Pendula' (Weeping White Pine)

This is a plant you either like or dislike. I have one in my own garden which horticultural friends find fascinating; they assume I torture it to get the weeping effect.

Pinus strobus 'Sea Urchin' (Sea Urchin White Pine)

One of the finest selections of species known as Pinus strobus 'Sea Urchin' is an excellent, slow-growing, fuzzy-looking, dwarf conifer that is perfect for small gardens or containers. This...

Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine)

Considered invasive, if ever you had a pine Christmas tree, chances are it was a Scots Pine. Although considered invasive, it is still a beautiful tree with its quirky red-orange bark.

Pinus sylvestris var. fastigiata (Sentinel Pine, Scots Sentinel Pine, Pyramidal Scots Pine)

A narrow, columnar form of the typical Christmas tree.

Pinus sylvestris 'Albyns' (Albyns Scots Pine)

Pinus sylvestris 'Aurea' (Golden Scots Pine)

This tree has amazing winter and spring interest, and being a medium sized tree its ideal for most gardens. Adding this plant into your landscape will add value and uniqueness.

Pinus sylvestris 'Beuvronensis' (Beuvronensis Scots Pine)

Slow-growing evergreen shrub.

Pinus sylvestris 'Chantry Blue' (Chantry Blue Scots Pine)

Pinus sylvestris 'Chantry Blue' is a bushy evergreen conifer tree with blue-green needles and a rounded shape.

Pinus sylvestris 'Gold Coin' (Gold Coin Scots Pine)

Pinus sylvestris 'Gold Coin' is a medium-sized evergreen coniferous tree noted for its bright golden winter foliage.

Pinus sylvestris 'Hillside Creeper' (Hillside Creeper Scots Pine)

Pinus sylvestris ‘Hillside Creeper’ is a cultivar of the Scots Pine. It is a low growing, evergreen shrub with layered branching. Hillside Creeper is a very low maintenance shrub with good...

Pinus sylvestris 'Moseri' (Moseri Scots Pine)

This dense, low growing, globe like evergreen is relatively low maintenance and quite hardy. Most often used for its winter interest with its young bark a beautiful orange hue, maturing into a...

Pinus sylvestris 'Watereri' (Watereri Scots Pine)

Pinus sylvestris 'Wolting's Gold' (Wolting's Gold Scots Pine)

A very beautiful dwarf conifer. The needles are extremely attractive as they have two colours. The half of the needle closer to the stem is greenish and the tips are golden yellow making it very...

Pinus taeda (Loblolly Pine)

Pinus taeda, more commonly known as Loblolly Pine, Oldfield Pine, Bull Pine, Rosemary Pine or North Carolina Pine is a medium lived tree. Although loblolly means ‘low, wet place’ its ability for...

Pinus thunbergii (Japanese Black Pine)

This evergreen is an excellent plant and is a popular choice for road and boulevard plantings due to its salt tolerance. It has a very nice look due to its nicely irregular form. Although it is a...

Pinus thunbergii 'Thunderhead' (Thunderhead Japanese Black Pine)

A prized specimen in Japan and parts of South Korea, this cultivar is used to give gardens a unique look. With its brilliant white winter buds, light green spikes, and dwarf formation it is an ideal...

Pinus torreyana (Soledad Pine or Torrey Pine)

Native to the California coast, this is a rare pine in North America. The tree is very adaptable and can withstand extreme weather conditions including hurricane winds, rain, intense heat and...

Pinus virginiana (Virginia Pine, Jersey Pine, Spruce Pine, Scrub Pine)

Pinus virginiana grows well in poor, dry soil and is often used for reforestation purposes. Once called a "forest weed" or "scrub pine", it is now frequently used as a Christmas tree....

Pinus virginiana 'Fanfare' (Fanfare Virginia or Jersey Pine)

Pinus wallichiana (Himalayan Pine or Bhutan Pine)

A large, gracefully growing specimen.

Pinus x holfordiana (Holford Pine)

Arabis kennedyae (Troodos Rockcress)

A critically endangered herb which grows alongside Golden Oak (Quercus alnifolia) and Calabrian Pine (Pinus brutia). Straight stems with a purple hue surrounded by a rosette of basal leaves with tiny...